The main subjects considered by Capistrano de Abreu, in his literary work, allude to the study of the hinterland , to the indigenous languages and to the discovery of Brazil. The author, in his researches, made use of the heuristic, the hermeneutic and the historical epistemology. In his work, two books were very valorized: Capítulos de história colonial and Caminhos antigos e povoamento do Brasil.